TEXTBOOK SOLUTION
LESSON 1
INVOCATION
Translated from Atharvaveda
STANZA FOR COMPREHENSIONLet us have concord with our own people,
And concord with people who are strangers to us
Asvins, create between us and the strangers a unity of hearts.
May we unite in our minds, unite in our purposes,
and not fight against the divine spirit within us.
Let not the battle-cry rise amidst many SIain,
nor the arrows of the War-God fall with the break of the day. (M.P. 2015)
Answer these questions:
1. Who is called to create unity of hearts ?
Ans. Asvins.
2. What is the meaning of concord?
Ans. State of peaceful agreement.
3.Whose arrows will fall with the break of the day ?
Ans. War-God.
4. What does the poem inculcate?
Ans. The poem inculcates the ethics of collective living through mutual love and Understanding.
Q.5, "Divine Spirit" means.
Ans. Soul something separate from body.
0.6. "Slain" means …………
Ans. Killed in war.
0.7. Make suitable compound word with : battle, cry, war, God.
Ans. Battle-cry, War-God.
Q.8. What do you understand by "break of the day'?
Ans. Dawn, in ancient India, battles were fought between sunrise and sunset.
TEXTBOOK SOLUTION
Q.9. Who does 'us' refer to?
Ans. ‘Us' refers to the worldly people.
Q.10. What invocation is made here?
Ans. An invocation is made to unite the whole world.
Q.11. What we should create between us and strangers?
Ans. We should create a unity of hearts between strangers and us.
Q.12. Find a word in these lines which mean opposite to ‘discord’, ‘peace’.
Ans. Concord , Battle.
Q.13. What sort of unity is invocated here?
Ans. The unity of mind and purpose is invocated here.
Q.14. What should we not fight against?
Ans. We should not fight against the divine spirit within us.
Q.15. What should we not allow to rise?
Ans. We should not allow the rise of battle cry.
TEXTBOOK SOLUTION
A. Answer the following questions in about 50-60 words:
Q.1. Which are the two kinds of people referred to in the verse ? (M.P. 2010, Imp.)
Ans. The verse invocation inculcates the ethics of collective living through mutual love and understanding .It is an invocation made to the wordly people .there are two types of people referred to in the verse. The one are our own people these are the people with whom we have a good association .we share the same language caste and creed with them the other people are in fact the strangers who do not belong to us they belong to different cultures and land we are required to have concord with them.
Q.2. 'Let not the battle-cry rise amidst many slain' Nor the arrows of the war-god fall with the break of the day', What is implied in these lines?
Ans. These lines say us to be far from any battle . we have already fought many battles and a lot of people have suffered in them. The battle has left many people dead with a lot of damages to the property. So, There should not be any more battle cries. The cries still haunt us. So we should not let any more cries caused by battles.
War God Indra killed many people with his deadly arrows. His arrows never fail to kill his enemy. So, the arrows of lord(god) Indra should also stop. We should resolve all issues peacefully without hurting anybody’s feelings. There are a lot of war victims. We have already lost a, lot of life and property.. Instead we should resolve all issues peacefully.
Q.3. In how many ways is the unity sought?
Ans. The unity is sought in more than one way. The poet calls to unite the mind of all. . We should not let any more battle-cry rise. First, we should have concord with our own people as well as with the strangers He also exports all to have a common or united purpose. He pledges all not to fight against the divine spirit that exists within all of us. We should unite in mind and purposes.
Q.4 Why does the speaker invoke the gods-Asvins? M.P.2014
Ans. The speaker invokes Gods – Asvins to seek for their help to bring about perfect unity between us and the strangers. Gods Asvins are the dual gods (devas) who symbolise perfect unity of the natives and the strangers. The poet here, while making invocation for unity, invokes the gods-Asvins in order to establish perfect concord and harmony between our countrymen and the foreigns.
TEXTBOOK SOLUTION
B.Answer the following questions in about 75-100 words each:
Q.1. What is the message of the verse?
Ans. Invocation' is an excerpt from Hymns from the Vedas a book of selected translations from the Vedas by Dr. Abinash Chandra Bose. In this part the ethics of collective living through mutual love and understanding have been propounded. Love and harmony are the messages which prevail throughout these verses. The verses ask for harmony and unity among our own people and strangers. Our own people are known by us on the other People who do not belong to our culture , they have different language , custom and tradition are the people strange to us , so the speaker want a peace and harmony among all the people , Difference can be resolved by love and harmony not by war. An invocation has been made to the people to be united and live with mutual coordination not only among themselves but also with the strangers. There should be a unity in minds and purposes. We should not fight against the divine spirit within us. We should avoid wars and cries.
Q.2. Why doeş the speaker not want the battle cry to be raised ? (M.P. 2009, 15 Imp.)
Ans. The poet desires to establish peace in the world .Battles never resolve any problem .It only brings death. Suffering and destruction and add many more leaving a lot of unanswered questions and cries without end .It increases anger and hatred . Thus speaker does not want the battle cry to be raised. He wants the people to live unitedly and they should have concord not only among themselves but also with the people of other countries. He finds that battles are the main cause of all destruction. People suffer in huge numbers due to them battles have complicated the existing problems and have raised many new problems. It turns the life of the people into misery. The war causes wounds to humanity. Therefore the poet wants to resolve the differences in peaceful way.He wants that wars should be abolished and the peace should prevail.
Q.3. How does the speaker wish to achieve concord ? (M.P. 2012, 17 Imp.)
Ans. This poem is an invocation for the establishment of concord in the world .The speaker is aware that people may differ in many ways yet they are similar. They have the divine spirit within them The presence of this divine spirit among all the human beings make them one. It erases the differences of native and strangers. The people of different natives religions, caste, language and custom .if there is a sense of unity among these people. It will create concord. The speaker asks for divine help to create concord. The poet says that first we should concord among our own people. We spend our life with the people of our own country. They share our joys and sorrows and stand by our side. Therefore, we must have concord with them. Then we must have concord with the strangers also. India believes in global family and pursuing the same ideal we must have proper friendship with the foreigners We should settle our disputes with them in peaceful ways.
TEXTBOOK SOLUTION
WRITING ACTIVITY
Q.A. Write a short composition on the theme, ‘Our country represents unity amid diversity’.
India is one of the largest country of the world. It is recognized as a land of diversity. India occupies people of every caste ,different language, different religions. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that it is a federal democratic country .We have Kashmir where the temperature goes even below zero on the other hand we have coastal region all the times hot. we equally enjoy and celebrate the festivals of Holi, ld, Christmas etc. we have so many different dresses and manners. Still we are Indian with one national song, one national anthem, one national flag, one national symbol, one judiciary and one parliament. Hence in the true sense our country represents unity amid diversity. Yet we are Indians, we are all one.
Q.B. Every Indian takes pride in his culture and age-old traditions. Write a letter to your American friend, highlighting the salient features of Indian civilization and culture.
Ans.
A-42/F, Sector 9
DDA Flats
Dwarka, New Delhi
DD, MM, YY
My dear friend,
I was very glad to receive your letter . It gives me extreme joy to note that you wish to know about my country and you wish to visit it soon. I would like to highlight a few unique features of my country. You know India is a nation of diverse people and a land of glorious past and prosperous future. Its culture has been so rich that it had always attracted the foreigners to study. The world is still amazed at the unique culture of unity in diversity of India. It has been the land of Ram, Krishna, Gautam, Ram Krishna Paramhans and Vivekanand, Mahatma Gandhi and Subhas Chandra Bose. Every Indian feels proud to be an Indian. India can't be explained in words. So come, see and feel. It would be really an experience never before and never again.
Yours ,
..............
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